The National Oceanic & Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) defines ocean acidification as "the term given to the chemical changes in the ocean as a result of carbon dioxide emissions".
Since the Industrial Revolution, humans have been expelling large amounts of carbon dioxide (CO2) into the Earth's atmosphere. About 25 to 50 percent of this CO2 is absorbed by the ocean, which is changing the chemistry of its waters. CO2 also comes from runoff sources in coastal regions, which adds to the total amount of carbon dioxide entering the ocean. This results in a drop in pH levels, making the waters more acidic and harmful to marine life.
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| A simple diagram showing the harm Carbonic Acid causes. |
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